Rubeola, commonly known as measles, is a highly contagious viral infection characterized by a distinctive red rash, fever, and respiratory symptoms. It spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The virus can remain in the air for up to two hours, making it easy to contract in crowded places. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent measles. The MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella, is typically administered in childhood. Complications from rubeola can include pneumonia, encephalitis, and even death, particularly in young children and those with weakened immune systems.