Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that primarily affects children. It spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Symptoms typically include a high fever, cough, runny nose, and a distinctive red rash that usually appears a few days after the initial symptoms. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent measles. The MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella, is recommended for children. Despite its preventability, measles can lead to serious complications, such as pneumonia and encephalitis, especially in unvaccinated individuals.