Rot is the process of decomposition that occurs when organic matter, such as food or plant material, breaks down due to the action of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms. This process can lead to the release of nutrients back into the soil, which is essential for plant growth. There are different types of rot, including soft rot and dry rot. Soft rot typically affects fruits and vegetables, causing them to become mushy and discolored. Dry rot, on the other hand, primarily affects wood, leading to structural damage in buildings and furniture. Both types of rot can be prevented through proper storage and maintenance.