The Rosa Parks bus refers to the public bus in Montgomery, Alabama, where Rosa Parks famously refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on December 1, 1955. This act of defiance became a pivotal moment in the American Civil Rights Movement, highlighting the struggle against racial segregation. Parks' arrest sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a year-long protest led by figures like Martin Luther King Jr. that aimed to end racial discrimination in public transportation. The boycott ultimately led to a Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation on public buses unconstitutional.