The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a pivotal event in the American civil rights movement that began on December 5, 1955. It was initiated in response to the arrest of Rosa Parks, who refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a city bus in Montgomery, Alabama. The boycott aimed to protest racial segregation on public transportation and lasted for 381 days. During the boycott, African Americans in Montgomery stopped using the buses, opting for carpools, walking, or other means of transportation. The boycott was organized by leaders like Martin Luther King Jr., who advocated for nonviolent resistance. It ultimately led to a Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation on public buses unconstitutional.