Roof design refers to the planning and creation of the upper covering of a building. It involves selecting materials, shapes, and styles that not only enhance the building's appearance but also provide protection from weather elements. Common roof types include gabled, flat, and hipped roofs, each offering different benefits in terms of drainage and aesthetics. Effective roof design also considers factors like insulation, ventilation, and energy efficiency. Properly designed roofs can help regulate indoor temperatures and reduce energy costs. Additionally, incorporating features like skylights or green roofs can improve natural lighting and promote environmental sustainability.