The Romanian avant-garde emerged in the early 20th century, primarily during the 1920s and 1930s. It was characterized by a break from traditional artistic forms and a focus on innovation, experimentation, and the exploration of new ideas. Key figures included Marcel Iancu, Victor Brauner, and Gellu Naum, who were influenced by movements like Dadaism and Surrealism. This movement encompassed various artistic disciplines, including literature, visual arts, and theater. Romanian avant-garde artists sought to challenge societal norms and express the complexities of modern life. Their work often featured abstract forms, unconventional materials, and a spirit of rebellion against established conventions.