The Romanesque church is a style of architecture that emerged in Europe during the 10th to 12th centuries. Characterized by thick walls, rounded arches, and sturdy pillars, these churches often feature barrel vaults and small windows, creating a solid and fortress-like appearance. This style reflects the stability and strength of the period following the fall of the Roman Empire. Many Romanesque churches were built as part of the broader Romanesque architecture movement, which included not only religious buildings but also castles and fortifications. Notable examples include the Abbey of Cluny in France and the Pisa Cathedral in Italy. These structures often served as centers of community life and pilgrimage.