Roman aqueducts were impressive engineering structures built by the ancient Romans to transport water from distant sources into cities and towns. These aqueducts used a combination of gravity and precise gradients to move water over long distances, often spanning valleys and hills. The most famous aqueducts, like the Pont du Gard in France and the Aqua Appia in Rome, showcased the Romans' advanced understanding of hydraulics and construction. They provided essential water for drinking, bathing, and irrigation, significantly improving public health and urban life in the Roman Empire.