Roman Spain, known as Hispania, was a significant province of the Roman Empire from the 2nd century BCE until the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century CE. The region was rich in resources and strategically located, leading to its integration into Roman trade networks. Major cities like Tarraco (modern Tarragona) and Emerita Augusta (modern Mérida) became important administrative and cultural centers. The Romans introduced their language, Latin, and culture, which influenced local customs and architecture. They built extensive infrastructure, including roads, aqueducts, and amphitheaters, many of which still exist today. The legacy of Roman rule is evident in modern Spanish language and culture.