Roman rulers, known as emperors, governed the vast Roman Empire from its establishment in 27 BCE until its fall in the West in 476 CE. The first emperor, Augustus, brought stability after years of civil war and initiated the Pax Romana, a period of relative peace and prosperity. Emperors wielded significant power, often controlling the military, administration, and religious practices. Throughout history, notable emperors like Nero and Trajan shaped the empire's culture and expansion. The role of the emperor evolved, with some rulers being deified after death, while others faced rebellion and assassination. The legacy of Roman rulers continues to influence modern governance and leadership.