Rock type refers to the classification of rocks based on their formation processes and mineral composition. There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooled magma or lava, while sedimentary rocks are created from the accumulation of mineral and organic particles. Metamorphic rocks arise from existing rocks that undergo changes due to heat, pressure, or chemical processes. Each rock type has distinct characteristics and plays a vital role in the Earth's geology. For example, igneous rocks like granite are often found in mountainous regions, while sedimentary rocks such as sandstone are commonly found in riverbeds and deserts. Understanding rock types helps geologists study Earth's history and the processes that shape its surface.