Rock classification is the process of categorizing rocks based on their origin, composition, and texture. There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooled magma or lava, while sedimentary rocks are created from the accumulation of mineral and organic particles. Metamorphic rocks arise from existing rocks that undergo changes due to heat, pressure, or chemical processes. Each rock type has distinct characteristics that help geologists identify and study them. For example, igneous rocks can be further divided into intrusive and extrusive based on where they solidify. Sedimentary rocks often contain fossils and layers, while metamorphic rocks exhibit foliation or banding. Understanding these classifications aids in geological research and resource management.