Robusta coffee beans are one of the two main types of coffee beans, the other being Arabica coffee beans. They are known for their strong, bold flavor and higher caffeine content, which makes them more bitter than Arabica. Robusta beans are typically grown at lower altitudes and are more resistant to pests and diseases, making them easier to cultivate. These beans are often used in espresso blends and instant coffee due to their rich crema and robust taste. They are primarily produced in countries like Brazil, Vietnam, and Indonesia, contributing significantly to the global coffee market.