Richard of Cornwall (1209-1272) was an English nobleman and the younger brother of King Henry III. He became the first Earl of Cornwall in 1227 and was known for his wealth and influence. Richard was also elected King of the Romans in 1257, although he never ruled in Germany. His reign was marked by his efforts to strengthen his power and manage his extensive lands. Richard was a patron of the arts and played a significant role in the development of Cornwall as a region. He founded Launceston Castle and was involved in various military campaigns. His legacy includes contributions to the political landscape of medieval England and the establishment of the Cornish identity.