Rheological properties refer to the study of how materials flow and deform under applied forces. These properties help scientists and engineers understand the behavior of various substances, such as liquids, gels, and pastes, when they are subjected to stress or strain. Key characteristics include viscosity, elasticity, and plasticity, which determine how a material responds to movement or pressure. Understanding rheological properties is essential in many industries, including food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. For example, the viscosity of a syrup affects how easily it can be poured, while the elasticity of a cream influences its spreadability. By analyzing these properties, manufacturers can optimize product performance and consistency.