Retinal melanoma is a rare type of cancer that occurs in the eye, specifically in the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. This condition arises from the abnormal growth of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing pigment. Symptoms may include vision changes, flashes of light, or dark spots in the field of vision. Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive eye examination, including imaging tests like ultrasound or optical coherence tomography. Treatment options may include radiation therapy, surgery, or laser therapy, depending on the size and location of the tumor. Early detection is crucial for better outcomes.