Retinal circulation refers to the blood flow within the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. This circulation is crucial for providing oxygen and nutrients to the retinal cells, which are essential for vision. The central retinal artery supplies blood to the retina, while the central retinal vein drains deoxygenated blood away. The retinal circulation is divided into two main systems: the superficial and deep vascular layers. The superficial layer supplies the inner part of the retina, while the deep layer nourishes the outer regions. Proper retinal circulation is vital for maintaining healthy vision and preventing conditions like retinal ischemia.