Research excellence refers to the high quality and impact of research activities. It is characterized by rigorous methodologies, innovative ideas, and significant contributions to knowledge in various fields. Institutions and researchers strive for excellence by publishing in reputable journals, securing funding, and collaborating with other experts. Achieving research excellence often involves peer review, where other scholars evaluate the work for its originality and significance. This process helps ensure that the findings are credible and can advance understanding in areas such as science, technology, and social sciences. Ultimately, research excellence fosters progress and informs policy and practice.