Relevance Theory is a cognitive theory of communication that suggests people interpret messages based on their relevance to their own experiences and knowledge. Developed by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson, the theory posits that individuals seek information that provides the greatest cognitive benefit with the least effort. This means that when we communicate, we often rely on context and shared knowledge to understand the intended meaning behind words. The theory emphasizes that effective communication occurs when the speaker's message aligns with the listener's expectations and interests. By focusing on relevance, individuals can filter out unnecessary information and concentrate on what truly matters, enhancing understanding and engagement in conversations.