Refus Global
"Refus Global" is a manifesto published in 1948 by a group of Quebec artists and intellectuals, including Paul-Émile Borduas. It rejected traditional values and conventions in art and society, advocating for creative freedom and individual expression. The document is considered a pivotal moment in the Automatist movement, which sought to break away from established norms.
The manifesto criticized the constraints imposed by religion, politics, and societal expectations, promoting a vision of a more liberated and innovative culture. "Refus Global" played a significant role in shaping modern art in Canada and influenced future generations of artists and thinkers.