A refugium is a safe area where organisms can survive during unfavorable environmental conditions, such as climate change or habitat destruction. These zones provide shelter and resources, allowing species to persist and potentially repopulate surrounding areas once conditions improve. Refugia can be found in various ecosystems, including forests, mountains, and oceans. In ecology, refugia play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation. They help maintain genetic diversity by serving as reservoirs for species that may be threatened or endangered. Understanding the dynamics of refugia is essential for effective conservation strategies, especially in the face of global challenges like climate change and habitat loss.