Refinery technology refers to the processes and equipment used to convert crude oil into useful products like gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. This involves several steps, including distillation, where crude oil is heated and separated into different components based on their boiling points. Other processes, such as cracking and reforming, further transform these components to improve their quality and yield. Modern refineries utilize advanced technologies to enhance efficiency and reduce environmental impact. Techniques like catalytic cracking and hydrocracking break down heavier oil fractions into lighter products. Additionally, environmental regulations drive the adoption of cleaner technologies, ensuring that refineries operate sustainably while meeting energy demands.