Range searching is a computational problem that involves finding all points in a given dataset that fall within a specified range. This is commonly used in various applications, such as geographic information systems and database queries, where users need to retrieve data points that meet certain criteria, like coordinates within a specific area. To efficiently perform range searching, data structures like k-d trees or R-trees are often employed. These structures allow for quick access and retrieval of points, significantly improving performance compared to a simple linear search. By organizing data in a way that reflects its spatial properties, range searching can be executed more effectively.