Rales are abnormal lung sounds that can be heard during a medical examination using a stethoscope. They are often described as crackling or popping noises and can indicate fluid in the lungs or other respiratory issues. Rales are typically associated with conditions such as pneumonia, heart failure, or pulmonary fibrosis. There are two main types of rales: fine rales and coarse rales. Fine rales are softer and higher-pitched, while coarse rales are louder and lower-pitched. The presence of rales can help healthcare providers diagnose underlying health problems and determine appropriate treatment options.