The history of railways began in the early 19th century, revolutionizing transportation. The first successful steam locomotive, built by George Stephenson in 1814, marked a significant milestone. Railways quickly spread across Europe and North America, connecting cities and facilitating trade. This innovation transformed economies and made travel faster and more accessible. As railways expanded, they played a crucial role in the Industrial Revolution. By the late 1800s, extensive networks were established, allowing for the movement of goods and people over long distances. The introduction of electric trains in the 20th century further improved efficiency, leading to the modern railway systems we see today.