A Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) is a specialized operating system designed to manage hardware resources and execute tasks within strict timing constraints. Unlike general-purpose operating systems, an RTOS ensures that critical tasks are completed on time, making it essential for applications where timing is crucial, such as in embedded systems, robotics, and telecommunications. RTOSs are characterized by their ability to prioritize tasks, allowing high-priority tasks to preempt lower-priority ones. This feature is vital in environments where multiple processes run simultaneously, ensuring that important operations, like those in automotive systems or medical devices, receive immediate attention when needed.