Quaternary ammonium compounds, often referred to as quats, are a class of chemicals that contain a positively charged nitrogen atom bonded to four organic groups. They are commonly used as disinfectants, surfactants, and antiseptics due to their ability to kill bacteria, viruses, and fungi. These compounds are widely found in household cleaning products, personal care items, and industrial applications. Their effectiveness in reducing microbial growth makes them valuable in settings like hospitals and food processing facilities, where hygiene is crucial. However, some quats can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.