Publication bias occurs when the results of research studies influence whether they are published. Studies with positive or significant findings are more likely to be published, while those with negative or inconclusive results may be ignored. This can lead to a skewed understanding of a particular topic, as the published literature does not represent all available evidence. This bias can affect various fields, including medicine and psychology, where clinical trials or psychological studies may show only successful treatments or interventions. As a result, researchers and practitioners may make decisions based on incomplete information, potentially impacting patient care and scientific progress.