Private railways are train systems owned and operated by private companies rather than government entities. They often serve specific industries, such as mining or agriculture, and may connect to public rail networks for broader access. These railways can be crucial for transporting goods efficiently over long distances. In many countries, private railways are regulated to ensure safety and fair competition. They may also offer passenger services, although this is less common. Examples of private railways include Union Pacific in the United States and Eurostar in Europe, which provide both freight and passenger transportation options.