The Principality of Bulgaria was established in 1878 following the Russo-Turkish War, which led to the liberation of Bulgaria from Ottoman rule. It was recognized as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire, with its capital in Tarnovo. The principality aimed to restore Bulgarian national identity and culture after centuries of foreign domination. In 1908, the Principality of Bulgaria declared full independence, becoming the Kingdom of Bulgaria. This marked a significant moment in Bulgarian history, as it allowed for greater political autonomy and the development of a national government. The principality played a crucial role in shaping modern Bulgaria's identity and territorial boundaries.