The Principality of Anhalt was a historical territory located in present-day Germany. It emerged in the 12th century and became a significant principality within the Holy Roman Empire. Anhalt was known for its various divisions, including Anhalt-Bernburg, Anhalt-Cöthen, and Anhalt-Dessau, each ruled by different branches of the House of Ascania. Throughout its history, Anhalt played a role in regional politics and culture, particularly during the Reformation. The principality was known for its support of the arts and education, contributing to the development of towns like Dessau and Cöthen. Anhalt was eventually incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia in the 19th century.