Prince Muazzam, also known as Bahadur Shah I, was the son of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. Born in 1660, he became the ruler of the Mughal Empire after his father's death in 1707. His reign was marked by challenges, including internal strife and the decline of Mughal power. Muazzam was known for his efforts to restore the empire's stability and promote cultural activities. He faced opposition from various factions and struggled to maintain control over the vast territories of the empire. His rule lasted until his death in 1712, after which the Mughal Empire continued to weaken.