Prince Ludwig, often referred to as Ludwig II of Bavaria, was a 19th-century monarch known for his eccentric personality and grand architectural projects. Born on August 25, 1845, he ascended to the throne in 1864 and became famous for commissioning stunning castles, including Neuschwanstein Castle, which inspired many fairy tales and films. Ludwig's reign was marked by his reclusive nature and fascination with the arts, particularly music and theater. Despite his popularity among the people, he faced political challenges and was declared insane in 1886. He died under mysterious circumstances shortly after his removal from power.