Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare but severe brain infection caused by the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri. This organism typically enters the body through the nose when a person swims in warm freshwater, such as lakes or hot springs. Once inside, it can travel to the brain, leading to inflammation and destruction of brain tissue. Symptoms of PAM often appear within one to two weeks after exposure and may include headache, fever, nausea, and stiff neck. The condition progresses rapidly, and without prompt treatment, it can be fatal. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes in affected individuals.