Potassium deficiency, also known as hypokalemia, occurs when the body lacks sufficient levels of potassium, an essential mineral that helps regulate fluid balance, muscle contractions, and nerve signals. Common causes include inadequate dietary intake, excessive sweating, certain medications, and medical conditions like diarrhea or kidney disease. Symptoms of potassium deficiency can include muscle weakness, fatigue, cramping, and irregular heart rhythms. It is important to maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, such as bananas and spinach, to prevent this deficiency. If symptoms arise, consulting a healthcare professional is recommended for proper diagnosis and treatment.