Portuguese India refers to the territories in the Indian subcontinent that were colonized by Portugal from the early 16th century until the mid-20th century. The most significant area was Goa, which became a major trading post and cultural center for the Portuguese. Other regions included parts of Daman and Diu, as well as some coastal areas in Kerala and Maharashtra. The Portuguese established their presence primarily for trade, particularly in spices and textiles. They built forts, churches, and other structures that reflect their influence on local culture. The decline of Portuguese power began in the 17th century, and by 1961, India annexed Goa, ending Portuguese colonial rule in the region.