Portuguese Guinea was a former colony located on the west coast of Africa, primarily corresponding to present-day Guinea-Bissau. It was under Portuguese control from the late 15th century until the mid-20th century. The region was known for its rich biodiversity and cultural diversity, with various ethnic groups, including the Balanta and Fula people. In 1973, a liberation movement led by the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) declared independence, which was recognized in 1974 after the Carnation Revolution in Portugal. Today, Guinea-Bissau is an independent nation, reflecting its complex colonial history.