The Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) are an umbrella organization of various militias and paramilitary groups in Iraq. Established in 2014, they were formed to combat the rise of the Islamic State (ISIS) and to support the Iraqi government. The PMF includes both Shia and Sunni groups and operates under the authority of the Iraqi government. The PMF has played a significant role in the fight against ISIS, contributing to the liberation of several territories. While they have been praised for their efforts, the PMF has also faced criticism for alleged human rights abuses and their close ties to Iran, raising concerns about their influence on Iraqi politics and security.