Political refugees are individuals who flee their home countries due to persecution, violence, or threats against them because of their political beliefs or actions. They often seek safety in another country where they can live without fear of harm or discrimination. This status is recognized under international law, allowing them to apply for asylum. To qualify as a political refugee, a person must demonstrate a well-founded fear of persecution based on factors such as race, religion, nationality, or political opinion. Countries like the United States and members of the European Union have specific processes to assess and grant asylum to these individuals.