Political parties in Iraq play a crucial role in the country's governance and political landscape. Following the fall of Saddam Hussein in 2003, a multi-party system emerged, allowing various groups to represent diverse interests and communities. Major parties include the Shia parties, such as the Supreme Islamic Iraqi Council, and Sunni parties, like the Iraqi Islamic Party, alongside Kurdish parties, including the Kurdistan Democratic Party. These parties often form coalitions to gain power in the Council of Representatives, Iraq's legislative body. Political affiliations are frequently influenced by ethnic and religious identities, leading to a complex and sometimes fragmented political environment. Despite challenges, these parties are essential for democratic processes and representation in Iraq.