Polar climate is characterized by extremely cold temperatures and limited precipitation, primarily found in regions like the Arctic and Antarctica. These areas experience long, harsh winters and short, cool summers, with average temperatures often below freezing. The landscape is dominated by ice, snow, and tundra, which supports a unique ecosystem. In polar climates, the sun can remain above or below the horizon for extended periods, leading to phenomena such as the Midnight Sun and Polar Night. The cold temperatures result in permafrost, a layer of permanently frozen ground, which affects vegetation and animal life, including species like the polar bear and penguin.