Pokhran-II refers to a series of nuclear tests conducted by India in May 1998. These tests took place at the Pokhran Test Range in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan. The operation included five detonations, demonstrating India's nuclear capabilities and establishing it as a nuclear power. The tests were led by the Department of Atomic Energy and were significant for India's defense strategy. Following Pokhran-II, India faced international scrutiny and sanctions, but the tests also solidified national pride and security. The successful tests marked a pivotal moment in India's scientific and military history.