Poetic movements are distinct periods or styles in poetry that share common themes, techniques, or philosophies. They often arise in response to cultural, social, or political changes and can influence the way poets express their ideas. Examples include Romanticism, which emphasized emotion and nature, and Modernism, which focused on fragmentation and new forms. Each movement has its own characteristics and notable figures. For instance, the Beat Generation challenged conventional norms and celebrated spontaneity, while Surrealism sought to explore the unconscious mind through dream-like imagery. Understanding these movements helps readers appreciate the evolution of poetry over time.