Plant pigmentation refers to the colors found in plants, which are primarily due to the presence of specific pigments. These pigments, such as chlorophyll, carotenoids, and anthocyanins, play crucial roles in processes like photosynthesis and protection against environmental stress. Chlorophyll, for example, is responsible for the green color in leaves and helps capture sunlight for energy. Different pigments absorb various wavelengths of light, leading to the diverse colors seen in flowers, fruits, and leaves. Carotenoids produce yellow and orange hues, while anthocyanins can create red, purple, or blue shades. This variety not only enhances the beauty of plants but also attracts pollinators and aids in seed dispersal.