Plaek Phibunsongkhram was a prominent Thai military leader and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Thailand during two significant periods: from 1938 to 1944 and again from 1948 to 1957. He played a crucial role in modernizing Thailand and promoting nationalism, emphasizing Thai culture and identity. His government implemented various reforms in education, infrastructure, and the economy. Phibunsongkhram was also known for his authoritarian rule and alignment with Japan during World War II. After the war, he faced opposition and was eventually ousted in a coup in 1957. His legacy remains influential in Thailand's political history.