Physiological measurements refer to the quantitative assessment of bodily functions and processes. These measurements can include vital signs such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate, as well as more complex evaluations like electrocardiograms (ECGs) and blood tests. They help healthcare professionals monitor health status, diagnose conditions, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatments. These measurements are often taken using specialized equipment and techniques. For example, pulse oximeters measure oxygen saturation in the blood, while spirometers assess lung function. Accurate physiological measurements are essential for understanding an individual's health and guiding medical decisions.