A photovoltaic panel is a device that converts sunlight directly into electricity. It is made up of many small units called solar cells, which are typically made from silicon. When sunlight hits these cells, it creates an electric current through a process known as the photovoltaic effect. This electricity can be used to power homes, businesses, and even electric vehicles. Photovoltaic panels are often installed on rooftops or in large solar farms. They are a key component of renewable energy systems, helping to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions. As technology advances, the efficiency and affordability of these panels continue to improve, making solar energy more accessible to everyone.