A solar cell is a device that converts sunlight directly into electricity. It works by using materials called semiconductors, typically made from silicon, which absorb photons from sunlight. When these photons hit the solar cell, they knock electrons loose, creating an electric current. This process is known as the photovoltaic effect and is the foundation of solar energy technology. Solar cells are often grouped together in panels, known as solar panels, which can be installed on rooftops or in large fields. These panels harness sunlight to provide clean, renewable energy for homes and businesses. By using solar cells, we can reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and help combat climate change.