Phenylpropanoids are a diverse group of organic compounds derived from the amino acid phenylalanine. They are characterized by a three-carbon propanoid chain attached to a phenolic ring. These compounds play essential roles in plant metabolism and are involved in various biological functions, including growth, development, and defense against pathogens. Common examples of phenylpropanoids include flavonoids, lignins, and cinnamic acid. They are known for their antioxidant properties and contribute to the color, flavor, and fragrance of many plants. Additionally, phenylpropanoids have potential health benefits for humans, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects.